Tajikistan
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Tajikistan
officially REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN.Tajikistan also
spelled TADZHUKISTAN, Tajik, TOJIKISTON, or JUMHURII TOJIKISTON, country
lying in the heart of Central Asia.It is borded by Kyrgyzistan on the north,
China on the east, Afghanistan on the south, and Uzbekistan on the west and
northwest.Tajikistan includes the Gorno-Badhshan("mountain Badahshan") autonomous region,with it's capital at Khorugh (Khorog).With an area apprpximately 55,250 square miles(143,100 square kilometers)Tajikistan
encompasses the smallest amount of land among the five Central Asian states,
but in terms of elvation it surpasses them all, enclosing more and higher
mountains than any other country in the region.Tajikistan was a constituent
(union) republic of the Soviet Union from 1929 until its independence in
1991.The capitagl is Dushanbe.(see Tajikistan, Gorno-Badahshan,Khorog,Dushanbe.)
Several ethnic ties and outside influences complicate Tajikistan's national identity to a greater extent than in other Central Asian republics. The
Tajik people share close kinship and their language with a much larger population of the same nationality living in northeastern Afghanistan,
whose population also includes a large proportion speaking Dari, a dialect
of Persian intelligible to Tajiks. Despite sectarian differences (most
Tajiks are Sunnite Muslims, while Iranians are predominantly Shi'ites),
Tajiks also have strong ties to the culture and people of Iran; the Tajik
and Persian languages are closely related and mutually intelligible. The Tajiks' centuries-old economic symbiosis with oasis-dwelling Uzbeks also somewhat confuses the expression of a distinctive Tajik national identity.
conflict between the government and the Islamic opposition and its allies.
(See Tajik,Sunnite,Iran,history ofTadzhik language, Persian language.)
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